Referenced Sites for the Collection:
http://macroglobalmogapte.blogspot.com/2015/10/foolish-to-get-married-before.html
https://www.scribd.com/doc/102420052/IELTS-Sample-Essays-by-Kiran
http://pteacademicpreparation.blogspot.com/2015/09/essay-extreme-sports.html
http://ukielts.blogspot.com/2013/11/ielts-sample-essays-mass-media.html
https://ptekhimct.wordpress.com/2016/02/16/it-is-usually-foolish-to-get-married-before-completing-your-studies-and-getting-established-in-a-good-job-do-you-agree-or-disagree/
Contents
1. Do you think
consumers should avoid over packaged products or is it the responsibility of
producers?
Over
packaging of products has become a trend in today's competitive world.
Producers are trying to attract consumers with attractive packaging of their
products, not bothered about its negative impact not only on our environment
but the users as well. It should be the responsibility of the producers to
limit the wastage of the resources in the form of un-necessary packaging.
The
cost of over packaging is actually added to the product sold. In fact, at times
it is seen the packing cost and durability is more that the product itself. The
type of packaging found in pharmaceutical industries can be taken as an example
here. Pills and tablets are found to be packed in much bigger and colorful
strips than needed. Does this increase the sale of medicine? No. Such packaging
is of no concern to the consumers. But, the cost of medicine would have
definitely been lesser if sold in a simple outlook.
Further,
the material used is mostly non-disposable which adds to the environmental
pollution to a great extent. Snacks and other food items packaged in eye-catchy
shimmering colored packets are consumed in a large scale by everybody. These
packets are really difficult to dispose as they emit poisonous gas if burnt and
if not can be seen to contaminate water somewhere. Producers should realize the
importance of using materials like paper and stick to simple packaging.
Packaging
as seen increases the cost of the product and also makes our environment
unhealthy. So, this packaging boom should be checked on a serious note by the
producers. Moreover, the producers should be restricted with predefined rules
and parameters set by the government. It is also recommended that an awareness
among the users that quality of the product is important rather than the
attractive packaging.
This
is a true fact to consider that over packaging has become a trend of modern
competitive market. Considering this, there are some analysts who hold an
opinion that consumers should avoid over packed products while others consider
consumers should not avoid over packed products. This essay will give assertion
on both sides of the contention before deducing reasonable conclusion.
There
are reasonable arguments in favour of over packaging from manufacturer. They
try to make products as lucrative looking as possible. Consumers have number of
alternative options in the market but some of them concern style or looks of
packaging while deciding to buy a product. Attractive packaging could be significant
factor for selling more. It is generally
seen that product producers try to attract their customers in many ways by over
packaging. For example, in case of some biscuit packs we can see that the
biscuits are placed in the small plastic tray and covered with multiple layers
of packets. In terms of keeping these sorts of products intact and fresh, it is
sometimes necessary to use over packing. In these cases the manufacturer would
show reasons that they are over packing products for the sake of customers’
benefit. From this regards, it seems logical that the customer should make
informed decision whether or not to buy products that use over packing.
In
spite of views discussed above regarding of over packaging, there are some
groups who are in favour of avoiding over packed products and say that the
manufacturers are deceiving customers by over packing their products. Cost of
packaging and their detrimental effects to our environment could be substantial
reasons behind of the opponents’ viewpoint.
All the packaging costs are directly being added to the consumers and
they have to spend more than the value of products. Small amount of real
products are often presented in a large container and packet and the customers
are being deceived by the packet sized. Moreover, the manufacturers often use
non-disposable wrappers and packets which add bad effects to the environmental.
In
the end, undoubtedly, extra packaging of products has detrimental effect to the
society; however, as far as I am concern consumers should avoid over packaging
products to solve the negative effects it possessed to them and to the
environment. If customers start avoiding such unnecessary over packing of
products, manufacturers would be bound to change the way they are doing the
packing nowadays.
The
amount of packaged goods is directly proportional to its adverse side effects,
especially, food products. Hence, there is an emerging trend among buyers to
avoid such packed foods in order to safeguard them from its harmful health
effects. It is advisable for the consumers not to opt for extremely high level
of packed items.
In
this contemporary world, working class people have less time to choose their
consumables from the windows of supermarkets carefully. Besides their busy
schedule, most people tend to go for natural foods without any artificial
preservatives as much as possible. Since there is a soaring interest towards
the organic foods, they should have a practice to promote healthy products by
prohibiting overly packed things made of plastics.
From
the manufacturer point of view, the aim to pack food products is to prevent it
from microbes and other dust particles while transiting the products. However,
to comply this, they are forced to ensure their quality with the intention of
delivering their products in a safer and efficient manner. But to win the
hearts of this generation’s customers, the producers should make the items to
reach the shops with less cumbersome, thus with minimal amount of packaging.
Therefore, the quality of the food must be maintained naturally.
In
the end, it is in consumers’ hand to make final decisions to choose products,
and, hence it is evident that consumers have the power to alter the way the
manufacturers pack their products. Thus, if people act wisely by encouraging
with less packed food items, then the manufacturers will be forced to change
their customs in a customer friendly manner.
Opinion - consumer
should avoid over packed products or it is responsibility of producer to avoid
extra packaging of products
1. Do you think consumer should avoid over
packed products or it is responsibility of producer to avoid extra packaging of
products?" Give your views or any relevant example with your own
experience
These
days companies are selling their products by extra packing to attract the
buyers.
However, I am
unconvinced and feel that the consumers should avoid purchasing such products
as it is a waste of money and resources.
Firstly,
over packing of the goods increases its maximum retail price.Hence,although the
company is spending on the packing,it is the
consumer who ls at loss as the company sells the product at a higher
price than needed and recovers the money spent on its packing.It is the
consumers who should realise this and avoid buying such items.
Secondly,
people these days buy food products that can be consumed on the run. The
plastic and paper that is used to wrap these goods are then thrown around the
place resulting in environmental pollution .
On
the other hand fast food franchisee use various attractive ways to pack their
products which then lure the kids in buying them.Children form the major
proportion of the consumers of these unhealthy foods. As a result of the
consumption of these processed foods there is a rise in the number of children
suffering from obesity,diabetes etc.
To
conclude, I believe it is the responsibility of the consumers to refuse
products that are overpacked as ultimately they are on the losing side.
2. Many people think
that regions affect successful person. What is your opinion about native region
and accomplished person’s influence on the region he belongs to?
Many
people argue that success of an individual depends upon the environment in
which he or she has grown up. However, in my opinion, native place’s
environment is only one factor and a person’s attitude, capability and
determination also play a pivotal role in achieving success.
Native
environment plays a detrimental role in inculcating traits such as leadership,
social skills etc. These qualities an individual acquires over a period of
time. The behavior of people in neighborhood, school friends and college
friends significantly affects behavior and skills of a person. For instance,
Mahatma Gandhi a famous Indian leader received most of his leadership skills
from people with whom he spent his childhood time.
On
the other hand, it is not only native environment that is responsible for
development of an individual and his success. After an individual moves out
from his native place to some other place for work he tends to learn new things
that he was not aware about at his home place. Moving to other places
introduces an individual to new ideas and new ways of doing things. It allows a
person to thing in a broad perspective and this open minded thinking plays a
vital role in a person’s success. For example, Dhirubhai Ambani a famous Indian
businessman achieved all his success only after leaving his home town. While
moving to different places he learnt different people and various skills which
he was not aware of at his native place. And these new learning helped him rule
the business world.
To
conclude, only native environment may not be behind an individual’s success.
There are a lot of other factors that take an individual towards success.
Success
in any area of life never happens in a complete vacuum. Often it is just as
much dependent on an individual’s will-power and intelligence as it is on their
environment and outside circumstances.
To
find happiness and success, you therefore need to pay attention and take some
control over the type of environments you are surrounding yourself in on a
daily basis; even the strongest and brightest of minds will find it difficult
to achieve their goals if they are in a completely wrong environment for them.
This
is because every aspect of your external life has some influence over your
internal thoughts and behaviors, especially the people you surround yourself
with on a daily basis, and the type of places where you spend most of your
time.
The
first main aspect of our environment that influences our success is the people
we surround ourselves with on a daily basis.For example, surrounding yourself
with friends who are more self-disciplined can also help you become more
self-disciplined. This is just one of many examples of how our social network
can have an influence over our own behavior and goal-seeking.It fits well with
other research that shows if you hang around people who are obese and
unhealthy, it’s more likely you will become obese and unhealthy. And if you
hang around with people who are lazy and don’t study for class, it’s likely
you’ll end up with similar grades as them too.
The
second main aspect of our environment that influences our success is the places
we spend most of our time at.For example, one important factor that has shown
to increase productivity and happiness is giving people some freedom to design
their own workplace.Taking ownership over where you spend your time allows you
to choose an environment that motivates and inspires you. A good environment
for success should keep your senses stimulated and awake while you work on your
goals, while not being too distracting.
At
the end of the day, you can’t meet your full potential for success unless you
find an environment that brings out the very best in you.
3. Roles of governments,
companies and individuals to combat climate change.
The
constantly increase of the temperature due to global warming is affecting all
kinds of life in the earth and to combat the climate change is a role of
everyone beginning with governments until individuals. Each one has your role
in this issue.
First,
the government should create more educational programs telling the people the
dangers of the global warming and teach the population habits that will help to
diminish its effects. Governments have another important role that is police
the companies to check if them are according with the rules of how much gases
they are emitting.
Secondly,
companies should explore alternatives sources of energies to diminish the
emission of gases at the atmosphere. One example, they can change their source
of energy change it by a clean source like wind or solar energy.
Thirdly,
individuals also have a important role in combate climate change, they can use
public transport and leave their car in the garage to reduce the emission of gases,
they can stop of consume products that is known as a polluter of atmosphere
like aerosol.
In
conclusion, the weather is changing and it is everyone role to combat these
changes because at the end it will affect everyone, without distinction
Climate
change is a serious reason for concern, because it affects every person living
on the planet. The vast majority of the scientific community claims that
anthropogenic global warming is to blame for these changes. However, there are
a small number of people who deny the very existence of global warming. Their
words carry a certain amount of weight in some circles, but they lack
scientific proof to support these arguments.
The
effects of climate change are undeniable. Research conducted by the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and other reputed
meteorological institutions proves that average yearly temperature has been
steadily growing over the last decades. The sea levels have also been rising,
and the number of floods in different parts of the world has increased
dramatically. Glaciers in the Northern Hemisphere have started to melt. This
caused more icebergs to drift into the ocean. They currently pose a serious
threat to both, cruise and cargo ships that course through the waters of the
northern regions. There are reports of some icebergs being spotted far to the
South from Greenland.
Over
95% of scientists agree that these changes are caused by the “greenhouse
effect”. There is some solid evidence which proves that people are directly
responsible for the global warming that is fueling this climate change.
Destruction of forests, burning of fossil fuels and environmental pollution are
the main reasons behind the “greenhouse effect” that is currently influencing
the climate. The speed and intensity of these changes are too high for there to
be any cause that could explain them, other than human activity.
However,
there is a minority of researchers, bloggers and public speakers who deny the
existence of global warming as a whole. In their arguments, they appeal to the
fact that climate has been known to change periodically. Therefore, the current
situation should be seen only as another turn in the planet’s natural history.
These people are yet to present any scientific proof to support these claims.
It should also be noted that the vast majority of them is either employed by or
owns some companies that deal in the businesses considered to be primarily
responsible for the severity of the “greenhouse effect”.
The
existence of global warming is a proven fact. Climate change triggered by it
affects people on many levels. Though, there are some who argue that this is
the result of human activity, they cannot be trusted for the lack of concrete
evidence.
4. Nowadays, the mass
media including TV, radio and newspaper have become the essential part of our
lives. What is your opinion?
The
mass media have a powerful influence in shaping our lives. We have come to
depend on them for information and entertainment, and in doing so we let them
affect important aspects of our lives.
The
undeniable usefulness of the media in almost instantly providing information
about events around the world is largely taken for granted. But in our
dependence on the media we have allowed them to mould our notions and opinions
of events, places and people. Though few of us probably think about it, our
conceptions of, say, our elected officials spring from television images and
newspaper stories. Most of us will never meet prime ministers or presidents,
but anyone who is regularly exposed to the media will have an opinion of them.
When it is time to cast our vote, we will make our decision based on how the
media portray the candidates. We are similarly swayed by coverage of wars. The
media, representing the values of their owners,societies and governments, tend
to report wars with a bias; which is the 'good' side and which the 'bad' is
determined for us by reporters, editors and commentators, and sure enough the
public begins to form opinions that reflect the coverage they see, hear and
read in the major media.
The
media are also influential in the way they facilitate the spread of culture and
lifestyle. The so-called 'global youth culture', in which one finds young
people around the world displaying a common interest in music, clothing styles
and films, is an example of the media's enormous sway in this regard. A popular
figure such as Michael Jackson would never be so well known were it not for the
media's extensive reach into every society on the globe.
Thus I would argue that
the mass media's influence is certainly great. Indeed, with technological
advancements such as the Internet bringing even more forms of electronic media
to our homes and workplaces, it is likely the media's influence will grow even
stronger.
The
mass media ,including television, radio and newspapers, have great influence in
shaping people's ideas. To what extend do you agree or disagree with this
statement? Give reasons for your answer.
It
is apparent that the mass media has become essential part of everyone's life.
Almost every family has TV set or radio. There are a lot of people who spend
too much time of their days watching or reading the media. Therefore, I
strongly believe that it has a great impact on people's ideas and actions. In
this essay I am going to describe a positive and negative influence of media on
people.
There
are some good effects of media on shaping people's ideas. For instance,
Television is a very convenient and cheap type of entertainment .People can
relax after their work by watching favourite shows or games. They also have the
opportunity to learn more about histories or lifestyles and cultures of
different countries by watching films about them. In addition, people are aware
of current world news from media resources .
On
the other hand, it is obvious that the media has bad influence on people’s
views as well. As an example, there are too many advertisements on TV or radio.
They do not simply interrupt programs, some of them give false and misleading
hope that happiness can be achieved by buying things. Sometimes, people go into
debts in order to purchase products that they probably don’t need .Furthermore,
statistics say that children mostly enjoy watching TV and video among such
activities as: bike riding, art or craft, skateboarding. It is known that many
of them are cruel and horror films or videos. Consequently, children them harm
themselves not only physically but also psychologically. They become more
aggressive and more violent to people surround them.
As
I have demonstrated, the media can influence on people’s views and behaviors
both helpful as well as harmful. Therefore, we should know our limits and use
it only to educate ourselves about what is going on around us. In this case,
the mass media will be, certainly, beneficial for us
Over
the recent years, the increasing amount of communication and media has affected
people’s life in a several ways. The vast amount of information from newspaper,
radio and TV has made us not only up to date with the contemporary societies
but also more dependent. Although, I agree that mass media has a significant
importance in today’s dynamic world, it is not free from the probability of
bringing serious consequences due to the exaggerated information it deliver.
To
begin, with the development of information technology and sophisticated
printing material, the flow of news is becoming myriad. Public have no time to
go through the actual scenario and investigate the news rather they have to
rely in newspapers, TV and radio. As a result, the news from television may be
more influential to some individual while others may comprise doubt on it. For
instance, the media can overstate the financial operation of a company where
most of the shareholders belief remains. This can severely affects its
potential investors and shareholders who have clear belief about the company’s
performance.
On
the other hand, the impact of media towards us is inevitable. Media has
significantly played an important role in product advertisements to the current
social issues. People make a choice of moving to different products through an
advertisement they see on the television or through reading the newspapers.
Such advertisement has given many choices to consumers where they can change
their consuming behavior at their own benefit.
In
conclusion, the increasing amount of mass media has constantly influence and
will continue in the future .However; the overflow of such communication can
have a depressing effect if it is not controlled by the individual bodies.
In
this day and age, mass media have become epidemic all around the world. So
that, people in different ages follow and use them, such as television,
newspaper and the internet which have became more popular among individuals. On
the contemporary worlds, whether the influence of mass media in shaping
people's life is controversial issue. One group of people believes that media
have no effects on people's lifestyle, while others are advocate of powerful
influence of mass media in our lives. I personally agree with the latter group,
because of two main reasons which are elucidated below.
First
group claims that mass media cannot have an effect on our decisions and
believes; since, it has been taken for granted. Of course they are right to
some extent, but I think they considered this issue superficially.
First
of all, mass media have a profound impact on cultures. It causes to eliminate
the boundaries of cultures among people and creates globalization. The
globalization is a good instance to depict the affection of mass media, because
individuals can see what happen in other countries or how they dressed and what
their culture is. As a result, they usually imitate what others do.
Secondly,
mass media are a source of information. It informed people about daily events
or new discoveries. This information sometimes is used to change people's
opinion. For example, in election of president, the fan of candidates advertise
in media like, television or the internet for them, and absorb attention to
elect any person that they want.
In
conclusion, as I mentioned above, the influence of mass media is undeniable,
and it can change our beliefs and our ideas.
5. The mass media
including TV, Radio and newspaper influence our society and shape our opinions
and characters. What is your opinion?
6. Company’s top level
authorities should get their employees in decision making process. Discuss
Company’s top level
authorities should get their employees in decision making process. Discuss
Decision
making is a crucial step in the success of a company. The moot question is that
whether involvement of employees is required for the decision making process.
The
solid foundation of any successful company is its people. Employees represent a
source of knowledge and ideas, but oftentimes that resource remains untapped.
Involving employees in the decision-making process not only empowers them to
contribute to the success of an organization, but also saves the company time
and money. It also increases productivity and reduces outsourcing.
Improving
Morale-Actively engaging workers in the decision-making process increases
overall company morale. Employees understand that their ideas are an important
contribution to the company, and give them the power to influence the
innovative outcome of their work, leading to increased job satisfaction and a
positive attitude.
Internal
Resources-Using employees in the decision-making process, rather than
outsourcing, saves money, time, and offers the company long-term reliable
assistance from those who know the corporation well.
Teamwork-Participation
in the decision-making process gives each employee the opportunity to voice
their opinions, and to share their knowledge with others. While this improves
the relationship between manager and employee, it also encourages a strong
sense of teamwork among workers.
Innovations
and ideas is something which has brought us to this technologically developed
world. Perhaps, it has been accepted by all by now. Organization can only
flourish well where its employees are given the freedom to innovate and
rewarded for the same. Top level management should be smart enough to judge its
plausibility of implementation, as the final decision has to be taken by them.
In
today's competitive world, it has become essential for all organizations to do
their best in every sphere of their business. Innovations and new ideas have
become, somewhat indispensible to be able to remain as a part of the
competition. Now, the question is who in the organization should take part in
making the business survive? One group of people think that it should be the higher
management, whereas, other group of thought believes people across all levels
should be encouraged to give in their ideas where ever possible.
It
is a fact that people working in the particular area knows the ins and outs of
the processes involved to perform that job. He is in the best person to come
out with ideas which can provide a higher output for the organization in that
particular area. For this reason, in many manufacturing houses labourers are
given incentives for each new idea they come up with. Such companies value the
thoughts of its each and every employee.
On
the other hand, there are companies which believe that it should be the duty of
only the higher management to come up with innovations and decisions.
Management has a belief that taking ideas and suggestion from everybody would
only lead to chaos. Employees may provide suggestion having personal interest,
which could be harmful for the company.
Innovations
and ideas is something which has brought us to this technologically developed world.
Perhaps, it has been accepted by all by now. Organization can only flourish
well where its employees are given the freedom to innovate and rewarded for the
same. Top level management should be smart enough to judge its plausibility of
implementation, as the final decision has to be taken by them.
It
is a true fact to consider that today's world has become a global village. Due
to that reason business has to face huge competition to catch-up the highly
competitive market. Considering this, there are some analysts who hold an
opinion that in the company top management should consider employees
suggestions or ideas before making the decisions or innovation while others
consider that they should take decision on their own. This essay will assert
both sides of the contentions deducing a reasonable conclusion.
Higher
authorities should consider employees suggestions or ideas before taking
important decisions for the company. First and foremost, job experience could
be a significant factor. It is generally seen that majority of the people
working in the particular area have become experienced professionals with many
practical knowledge that the management could use in their favour for decision
making. The fact could be demonstrate by in the food processing industry: food
process has been divide in various sectors such as, harvesting, separating,
filling, packaging and labeling etc. and to take decision appropriate employees
should be engaged in decision making. The engagement of employees in decision
making creates a very positive impression and inspires them to work better. The
employees start feeling as part of the company and their output significantly
increases. This is also an effective measure to control the mutiny of the labour in an industry.
There
are some groups who are in favour of the idea that management should not
consider employees suggestions or ideas when they make decisions, in spite of
views discussed above. Management responsibility could be a substantial reason
behind the opponent's viewpoint. There are companies in which they believe that
higher management are responsible to come up with best decision and innovation
for better future, because they believe employees add ideas or suggestions for
their personal interests.
In
conclusion, undoubtedly, company managements have higher responsibility to take
plausibility of implementation for the healthier future; however, as far as I
am concerned, lower level worked force has immense experienced of their
profession. Therefore, without any reasonable concern employees cannot be
neglected and their decision and feedback should always be included while
taking any decision for the company.
7. Some people think law
changes our behaviour. Discuss.
Everyone
knows that laws are the rules laid by the government on the citizens of their
respective country. It helps in smooth
functioning of the nation by governing the behaviour of people. It is disagreed
that laws can change behaviour of a person. It can only assist in creating a
disciplined environment for the society and controlling the crime to some
extend but not eliminating it.
Firstly, imposing laws has
created a sense of fear among people of getting punished. For instance,
damaging the historical monuments, books, paintings, sculptures or other form
of art is considered a crime and is punishable under vandalism law. This
example shows that a person with moral responsibility will take care of other’s
assets but a person who is not worried about the consequences will deface them.
Thus, we can say that human’s action can be regulated by laws but cannot be
changed completely.
In
addition, in our day to day life, we follow rules without even realizing them.
Traffic law is an example of this. Today, most of us follow the traffic signals
out of habit. We stop at a red light, start an indicator before a turn and wear
seat belt when we are on road. Thus, we can say that laws embed some changes in
human behaviour to some extent. However, we are still facing road-accidents
which clearly show that rules and regulations have controlled the behaviour of
mankind without altering them completely.
In
conclusion, we can say that rules and regulations can help in controlling the
behaviour that is dangerous. Laws not
only help in checking the reckless nature of people but are necessary for the
development of society.
Topic 346: Present your
perspective on the issue below, "It is possible to pass laws that control
or place limits on people`s behavior, but legislation cannot reform human
nature. Laws cannot change what is in people`s hearts and minds." | Score
& Analysis
Some
people respect the law and regulations from the point of view that regulations
coordinate the relations and agreements between people in real life. On the
contrary, other people think that firm laws and regulations limit their
personal freedom and restrict their creativity and innovation, that's why they
usually think that creativity comes from chaos. in my opinion, implemntation
and sticking to laws and legislation reduce the risk of chaos, saving money and
finally regualtes the life system.
the
reality is that the government function is to plan and to set up laws and
rules, while our role as a citizens is to follow,implement and respect those
legislations. so we can give a simple example concerning traffic laws in
developed countries had saved a lot of time and lives by making the car drivers
follow the street directions. Ghandy had concured the hearts of the indians
during the British invasion to india not by breaking the laws but he simply
chose to do nothing.
On
the other hand, chaos causes citizens to loose a lot whether on the finical part
or on the immoral part. For example, Paris is always crowded even to the late
hours of the night on the contrary of other countries, where their citzens had
lost the sense of security and the people stay at their homes when the sun
falls.
that's why I agree.
On
the other hand, where their citzens had lost the sense of security and the
people stay at their homes when the sun falls.
Human beings do not
just exist as biological creatures, they are also social creatures. Humans have
to fulfill some responsibilities to live in a commune, for that reason every
individual have to obey the spoken and the written rules.
Society
without law is impossible to think of. It can only regulate and work properly
with laws. However laws do not make men good. People do not need laws and rules
to know what is right or wrong. This knowledge is to be inside of every
individual. Basic issue that my term paper needs to examine is that laws make
men good or not. I will explain Machiavelli's and Aquinas' response to these
questions then I will explain my argument.
According
to Machiavelli, virtu is skill and ability in ruling. It is not a moral thing.
A man that has virtu means he is extremely good at what he is doing. To survive
and lead to victory, he believes, sometimes prince should act unjustly. The
virtuous man is the one who has the qualities that lead him to success in his
actions. Prince is a decent man but sometimes he should act without
morality.(Prince,18). If he wants to hold on to power, he should learn how not
to be good. Because, in some circumstances, his goodness would damage him if he
cannot use it skillfully.But even virtue cannot guarantee success. So fortune
is an important term for prince to achieve his goal.( Prince,20). Some events
happening in our lives and we are not able to change it. Machiavelli says that
fortuna determines one half of our actions but it also leaves us to control the
other half.(Prince,74). A ruler who only depends on his luck will not survive
long because when his fortuna changes, it will destroy him. If one knew how to
change, as times and circumstances change will survive with his luck. Virtu
depends on fortuna and Machiavelli's prince needs fortuna to survive long. Both
luck and skill needed him to overcome problems. He says the way that people
behave and should behave is differ and they obey the rules not because they are
good but because fear restrains them (Prince,48).
Hence
laws do not make men good, people pretend to act good and they only obey it
because they are forced, we cannot say law contribute them to be act
virtuously. People can easily corrupt and it is their nature to want to be
ambitious and to be greedy. Where there is a freedom of choice, they will
immediately abuse it. So they only act justly when they are forced to.(Prince,93).
Obeying rules does not make them just, they behave this way because they fear.
On
the other hand, Aquinas supports that law is a measure and rule which governs
people's acts.(Aquinas,77). It is a kind of teacher that teaches people how to
act virtuous. So for Aquinas, human laws are required not only to prevent the
vicious acts, but also to lead them to be virtuous. Law, even by forcing and
punishing, leads men to act good.(Aquinas,100). For him, happiness is the final
end of human life and lawful acts tend to produce happiness and blessedness to
reach the final end.(79). He also believes there is a natural law in people. He
points out that every individual understand what is good or bad for himself and
human laws derive from the natural laws.
8. Pros and Cons of
extreme/adventure sports.
The
adventure sports were there before as well but only limited to the defense
purposes. Today due to advancement in technology, adventure sports are easily
accessible by a common man. These sports demand a great deal of daring. There
are both benefits and drawbacks of these sports.
Any
kind of adventure sport develops competitive spirit and makes one to face the
future problems with utmost patience. When one participates in these kinds of
sport activities, one could become capable of handling the various vicissitudes
of life because adventure sports require high hard working tendency. Moreover,
there would a change to meet people of their kind and could enjoy one other’s
company. Next, a person gets the thrilling experience which remains as the
nostalgic memories. Finally, a person would be trained so that one may serve
one’s country by joining the defense services. Therefore, it is clear that
adventure sports are highly beneficial.
However,
adventure sports have the other facet which cons. Generally, these sports are
chosen by youngsters and in the event of playing they may be severely injured,
sometimes may become physically handicapped. Furthermore, in extreme cases,
these sports may cause death of a person. For instance, car race, which gives
thrill but with the minor mistake it may cost their valuable lives. Hence,
these sports are dangerous.
To
summarize, ultimately by taking proper care and by being careful, one can
minimize the cons of these sports. In my view, cons overweigh pros of these
kinds of extreme sports.
The popularity of extreme sports
has continued to grow over the last decade. These activities are undertaken at
high speed, high altitude, and high degree of physical exertion. It is agreed
that no amount of words are adequate to convey the thrill of skiing, deep sea
diving, bungee jumping, water rafting or any other adventure sport. This
argument can be proven by looking at how these kinds of sports teach
self-reliance, teamwork and let everyone leave their comfort zone.
Firstly, the risk-taking sports
help in development of self confidence and independence. For instance, by
successfully facing up the challenge of adventurous sports like rock-climbing,
young people overcome their fears and apprehensions along the way and develop a
feeling of unusual accomplishment (achievement). This makes it clear that
climbing mountain, instead of an indoor game, helps in developing the balance,
using more muscle groups, and taking on a journey in an uncontrolled
environment that stimulates brain with countless variables. Thus, achieving your
goals in an unpredictable weather, recognizing the thrill of beating storm and
making it back home safely result in enhancement of overall personality of an
adventurous person.
Moreover, many people are
reluctant to try new things like mountain biking, scuba diving, white river
rafting, para-gliding etc., thinking that they do not possess the skills or
have an ability to enjoy it. Encouraging people to try new activities results
in building up team spirit, promoting positive attitude and making them come
out of their comfort zone. Thus, we can say that by trying out dangerous
sports, one can get rid-off the negative feeling and develop a feeling of
working as a team.
Looking at the above, we can
say that adventure sports have many impressive benefits including problem
solving, improved communication skills, self-confidence and team work. However,
it is recommended that these sports should be tried under proper guidance and
supervision of a guard.
Against
While every sport has a danger,
extreme sports athletes are at a high risk of serious injuries. For example,
back-country snowboarders are known for riding on an unpredictable terrain
where avalanches are common. Since these off-piste riders do not ride on a
groomed slope, hazards such as large boulders and fallen trees can be easily
hidden under large deposits of newly fallen snow. As can be seen from this
example, even a smallest misstep can plummet big wave surfers more than 30 feet
below the breaking ocean waves. Thus, we can say that adventurous people are
prepared to gamble their safety in search of adrenaline rush.
In
recent years we have seen a considerable rise in dangerous or extreme sports.
This essay shall discuss some of the main reasons why people engage in such
sports and suggest ways in which some risks involved in such sports can
bereduced.The main reason why people go for dangerous sports is that they get
the thrill out of them. They like taking risks. They like to challenge their
abilities and potentials. They feel a sense of satisfaction when they come face
to face with fears while bungee jumping, rock climbing and so on. In addition,
going through a dangerous experience gives them courage and confidence to face
the hurdles of their daily life. Another reason for pursuing such sports is
that there is a lot of fame and money involved in them. They get attention by
doing stunts on motorcycles and jumping from tall buildings. They make
headlines in newspapers and TV News Channels. They feel great when their name
comes in the Guinness Book of World Records. Once they get famous they get a
lot of money also. For instance, many businesses hire them to endorse their
products. They also get jobs on the basis of such skills. Many steps can be
taken to reduce the risks are that involved. Firstly, these sports should be
done under strict supervision. All safety precautions should be taken. Such
sports should be performed after sufficient training and under supervision of
adults. Sport companies which cater to such sports should require a license for
providing such training. Some people suggest banning some sports. However, I don’t
believe that banning is a good solution. We all know that forbidden fruits taste
sweeter and people will do such sports in hiding which would increase the
risksinvolved.To put it in a nutshell, I pen down saying that, people do such
sports for fun, for money and for fame. However, such sports should be
performed after sufficient training from licensed companies and under some
supervision.
9. The environment we
live in is in danger due to various problems. What are the underlying causes?
Who is responsible to combat this? What measures?
The
condition of our environment is getting worse due to various activities of
human beings, which as explained below together with the measures to be taken
to overcome these problems.
The
various causes of environmental problems are deforestation and the human
population explosion. Due to the increase in population, the demand for living
places, for new roads increases. On the other had to fulfil these demands,
forest have been cut down, which creates an imbalance in the environment.
Together with this, industrialization and urbanisation create a lot of
pollution- it may be noise pollution, air pollution , or water pollution. The
total effect of these activities leads to global warming where the temperature
is rising at the north pole and is making ice melt in the polar regions. This
is raising the sea level and may cause floods in various parts of the world.
All these disaster are taking place because of the human activity. So it is
human being who should combat these effects. Firstly, Government have to take strict
measures to control the population. Secondly, various campagains have to be
carried out at different stages- in every town and city to create awareness to
protect the environment. Even though these measures can be effective when
implemented and planned well with the cooperation of the government and
non-government organizations.
To
sum up, considering all the above information, it is clear that every
individual has the responsibility to protect the environment. So, it is
important to create an awareness for our survival in this environment.
Environment
has become a major concern over the last couple of decades, resulting in
several debates on who should be responsible for ensuring its sustenance for
our future generations. In this essay we will discuss the point of views for
establishing where the responsibility for protection of environment lies.
There
is a strong argument that individually we cannot contribute materially to the
cause of preserving our environment because it encompasses several areas where
individual efforts become futile. Some examples are factories that are emitting
hazardous gases in our air or dumping dangerous materials in our rivers. If we
want to take this up as an individual we cannot be expected to be able to
prevent this from happening. One could argue that if each share holders puts
pressure on the companies that they own this could lead to build up of pressure
for being more responsible, this unfortunately is not workable because usually
the companies are mostly owned by funds that are managed by professionals,
seeking profit and environment is very low on their priority list.
The
above leads us to deduct that if this movement of preserving our environment is
a collaborative effort of the government and general public we stand a better
chance of being successful. The government should provide the legal
infrastructure to control the natural instinct of profiteering of all
investment institutions; with this the individual efforts could start making
the difference. Continuing the above example if an individual member of the
society notices that same happening in his or her surroundings, he or she can
call on an implementation agency that would tackle the factory emitting
hazardous gases and dumping dangerous materials. Examples of these
implementation agencies include Environment control desk in the city office,
environmental inspectors who randomly visit such factories and are empowered
under the law to impose a fine or completely seal the production facility found
in violation of the rules.
The
responsibility surely seems to be tilting towards the actions of individuals
supported through government agencies and legislative framework, thus in my
opinion the combined efforts of the government and public would be more
effective. This should not however be interpreted as being absolved from
keeping our environment clean and we can through cans and other non-degradable
materials on the beach.
In
today’s modern world, we are constantly confronted with the issue of
environmental problems which are becoming more severe nowadays on newspaper.
Some people are of the opinion that individuals can hardly make a change to the
environmental problems, while some believe that governments can help in solving
the environmental issues. I strongly agree that governments do play an
indispensable role in tackling these problems.
Some
people think that the environment problems are not an easy task for individuals
to deal with, but in fact, we can actually take up some good habits which could
prove useful in dealing with environmental problems. For example, we can always
bring along recycle bags with us so that we can cut down the usage of plastic
bags. It can be clearly that individuals can actually contribute to help reduce
environmental issues as less plastic bags being used means that less air
pollution which is caused by the burning of plastic bags in the rubbish
dumpsites.
It
is certainly true that the environmental problems cannot be solved without the
help of governments. To begin, governments have more power than individuals in
coping the environmental problems. They can, for instance, set up law that ban
the emission of wastes from factory directly into the air and water courses. As
a consequence, less air pollution and water pollution guarantee the good health
of citizens. By doing this, citizens will be healthier and they can now live in
a pollution-free country.
In
conclusion, environmental problems should be tackled immediately with the
cooperation of individuals and governments. I believe that the environmental
problems will be solved one day and our country will continue to prosper and
flourish in the years to come.
Pollution
becomes a major concern in the society all over the world. In the society not
only an individual, but also groups of people live. In the society it is
everyone’s responsibility to protect the environment. Environmental problems
caused by pollution, for example fuel gases, cutting of trees, gases released
by factories. Government should take responsibility to reduce pollution in
order to protect the environment.
Every
individual who is leaving in the society should take responsibility to
participate to protect environment. Firstly, people should grow trees at their
houses, premises and colonies. By growing trees there are huge advantages, for
example most of the polluted gases took over by tress and they release the
oxygen. Everyone should not throw the wastages on the roads, maintain healthy
environment by using the dustbins.
At
the same time if we consider the government’s role: government have authority
to protect environment. By planting the tress all over the places, for example
all government places, besides the roads, schools, and parks etc., what I know
this type of programme called clean and green environment. Thus the pollution
can be controlled. Cleanliness is very
important to maintain environment healthy, hence government should emphasis the
cleaners to clean the area thoroughly. Should place the dustbin every streets
and educate the individuals by advertisements. Inspect the houses every month
to check how the individuals maintain their house, so that the individuals
reflect themselves and self-correct themselves. Conduct environmental talks in
the school, that individual learns everything from childhood on-wards in the
school.
I
believed that it is every individual’s responsibility to solve the
environmental problems, however impossible for only one individual in the
society. So that government should take actions to solve the environmental
problems, but encourage every individual to takes part all those activities.
Environmental
problems have dramatically increased over the last few years. Rapid increase in
population and other problems such as pollution, deforestation, global warming
etc. have further exacerbate the situation. Some people argue that these
problems are too large to be addressed by individual being. I believe that it
is a mutual responsibility of both individuals and countries to take pragmatic
measures for its solution.
Over
population is one of the pivotal reasons that have detrimental effects on the
environment. Increase in population demand more food resources, living space
and others basic amenities of life. For instance, for the sake of accommodation
many natural parks and forests have been wiped out to fulfill the need of
living space. This has lead to severe consequences that could damage both for
the people and environment.
Individual
efforts can contribute a lot to address the pressing environmental problems.
Steps taken in individual level can be an effective solution for the world. For
instance, if the government of a country takes initiatives to reduce the
rubbish produced daily, can’t do much. However, if the citizens take effort from
their personal level, the rubbish production could be controlled tremendously.
Similarly, if administration of a country starts planting trees, the effort
would not go further without the collaboration of the individuals.
Pollution
is also a great menace to environment. It is not only the reason of
environmental problems but also have dire effects on people. Factories
operating within cities emit dangerous smoke and others harmful toxic, which
are enormously affecting people health and making them more susceptible to
diseases. Furthermore, pollution also contributes in global warming. There has
been a drastic increase in temperature around the globe. Which is result is the
reason of melting glaciers across the world. These are no longer national
issues and all the governments of the world should work together to address
this pressing problems. That is why prudent decisions are required from the
government level and the ordinary citizens should be encouraged and participate
in every way possible to make the world a better place to live in.
To
sum up, I would like to say that environmental problems should be addressed on
large scale. Everyone have to contribute in order to mitigate its vulnerable
effects on the world. Even a little effort by an individual can make a huge
difference.
10. In education system,
assessment through formal written examination still valid?
11. Large shopping malls
are replacing small shops. Your opinion? Good or bad
SHOPPING MALLS LARGE
SHOPPING MALLS ARE REPLACING SMALL SHOPS.GOOD/BAD
Mall
culture has become big business, as shopping malls have evolved into
multi-storied structures housing a large number of stores that sell diverse
products and services. Shopping malls house a collection of retail stores and
restaurants
Parking
is one of the major hassles for people who go into the city to shop. Shopping
at malls eliminates this problem, because parking is provided either free of
charge or for a nominal fee. This makes it advantageous for people to choose to
shop at a mall rather than a single store. Families who choose to visit a mall
on the weekend or holiday for a family outing find it to be a more convenient
option mainly because parking is provided
Visiting
a mall is advantageous because of the numerous stores housed in one complex.
Groceries, clothes, shoes, reading material, food courts, cinemas and
entertainment arcades are available in one place. Malls make great meeting
places for friends to catch up over coffee at a café or a meal at the food
court.
In
addition to this,shopping malls has a proper security system so there is no
chance of any crime.
Apart
from this,In shopping malls the prices of all things are fixed so customer have
no need for bargaining.These large malls
also helps to build up the status of that city.
Hammering the last nail,The temptation to
browse is always present, and browsing often leads to buying things that are
not needed. Keeping to a monthly budget becomes increasingly difficult every
time you visit the mall. With all the sales and special offers intended to
tempt buyers, saying "no" becomes very hard.
Commercialization
has grown rapidly in the modern era. Consequently, there is a mushroom growth
of big shopping malls. As every garden has weeds, this phenomenon also has its
pros and cons. On the whole, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
There
are many advantages of big stores. To begin with, they save our time. We do not
have to waste time going from one small shop to the other. Secondly, these
stores offer a huge variety of goods. For example, in some stores you can buy
anything ranging from a sewing needle to a car.
Furthermore,
such stores purchase items in bulk and so they can afford to sell the products
at a lower price than the other small retailers and therefore the customers are
benefited. To add to it, they sell mostly the branded products and so the
quality is assured. Another advantage is that most of such stores accept credit
cards and so you don’t have to carry heavy chunks of cash.
On
the downside, such malls promote consumerism. They pull the customers through
attractive displays and schemes and as a result customers end up buying more
than they need. Moreover, such shops are opened with huge investments. So they
can withstand adverse market conditions for a long time. Because of this the
small retailers and vendors are finding it difficult to cope with them.
To
put it in a nutshell, I pen down saying that big shopping malls are definitely
an asset to the customer and society despite their drawbacks.
Increasingly
larger stores, in particular national and international chain stores, replace
small individually owned businesses in the countryside and in villages. While
there are some benefits for customers this development has also major
implications for communities. In my view, the negative consequences of small
shops disappearing for local products, local suppliers and the community make
this an undesirable trend.
While
the choice of products a chain store offers may be larger compared to an
individual small shop, larger stores usually standardize the range of products
sold. This will allow them to offer goods at low prices but commonly allow for
few local or seasonal variations or even individual or custom orders.
Moreover,
local products and supplier are less likely to be supported by chain stores.
Large stores usually order only from large suppliers and local producers,
farmers and craftsmen will face difficulties distrusting their products when
small stores close down. Eventually, they may have to go out of business.
Similarly, local food and delicacies are unlikely to be on offer in larger
stores. People will less frequently buy these kind of food and consequently it
may slowly disappear entirely.
Lastly,
there are some less obvious economical consequences. Unlike small stores, large
stores are usually not owned by locals. Profits are therefore less likely to be
re-invested in the community or used to support local projects. Moreover, a
large store replacing several small stores can be run with less staff in total.
As a result, there are less jobs for locals.
In
conclusion, in my view individual small shops have decisive advantages for
local producers, employees and consumers. In the end, it is the consumers
choice to support and preserve small shops or spend their money on the cheaper
and more uniform products of large stores. It remain to hope consumers
understand how important their choices are for the future development of their
community.
Nowadays,
the modern life completely changes the way we shop. Little, local shops
disappear and big shopping centers come instead. Yet so what way of shopping is
better and has more advantages for the people and our society?
To
begin with, I start with advantages of big malls that are so widespread all
over the world. First of all, the advantage of shopping center is convenience.
We come to the mall and can buy everything we want beginning with food and
finishing with clothes or electronics. We can safely assume that it is very
important and easy for people who have little time. Secondly, shopping centers
have many entertainment and relaxation. You can go to a cinema or for instance
bowling. There are many amusements for little children, like various chutes,
toys and other fun. Or if you are so tired of shopping you may have some kind
of relaxation like massage, cup of coffee in the comfortable cafe or hookah. In
a mall you spend many hours without being bored. Finally, shopping center is
the place where you can meet many friends and people whom you haven’t seen a
long time. Also malls become a place of social life of many teenagers.
Now
let’s start with advantages of little local shops. To start with firstly it is
also convenient if this shop is situated in your house or nearby. If you forget
to buy something you always can walk in this local one. Another thing is that
the products that you buy in little shops are usually fresh and non-damage
because the production in these shops is supplied every day and you always know
that you buy good food. And finally, nowadays as we all know, many big
supermarkets are closed on free days and it is very uncomfortable for people
who work a lot and have only time to shop on rest day. Local shops work all
week without days off and can always help you to solve this problem.
Summing
it up, despite of all the advantages of local shops like always presence of
fresh food and work without free days, I think that more advantages for the
people and the society. Shopping centers are an indispensable part of modern
urbanization. Therefore, in my view, shopping malls will gradually replace
traditional local markets because of their social advantages.
12. Nowadays, people
spend too much time at work to the extent that they hardly have time for their
personal life. Discuss.
Many
people are busy with work and do not have enough time to spend with family and
friends. Why does this happen? What are the effects of this on family life and
society as a whole?
In
this modern society, many people are busying with the work, they need to work
over 10 hours each day, even need to back to work on the weekend. Sometimes,
they even cannot see or talk with their family in whole week. Why this
phenomenon will happen?
As
the common understanding, we should agree modern technical we used today should
release human resources for routine work. However, we found it is not the truth
in urban area. When you are walking in the street with lots of IT firms or
accountancy companies after 10 PM, you will find the windows of these companies
always are lighting.
From
my opinion, in modern society, People have more pressures than the past because
high competition for the job. The population of city is grown up yearly, and everyone
wants to have good salary and higher position, how to demonstrate you are the
best of all competitors? The only way is working hardly, and working over time.
On the other words, we have to reduce the family time. Another reason is to
refresh and upgrade our knowledge for the new technology, we have to study more
and process more information during our spare time. It also expense our relax
time.
As
a consequence, we can observe this phenomenon of longer working hours have
negative impact to our daily life. First of all, people who are working in
highly pressures in long time and without enough time to relax will create
health problem, such as dizzy, tired, cannot be concentrated, and furthermore,
to reduce the productivities of work. Secondary, lack of communication with
family for long time also will build up communication issues. Most of time,
people have multiple roles in the society, for the family, he/she should be
father or mother, over time make them have no enough communication with their
children, they will miss lots of grow up moment of children and memory, in some
worse case, if lack of communication with children, younger will addition to
video game or unhealthy hobbits, that will cause more worrisome problem for
their parents. Finally, people have no time to meet with old and new friends if
they always need to working over time. So they only can make friends with
co-worker, this will cause a result they only can focus on small scale society
relationship which is similar, and they have little chance to meet with
different people and different event to enrich life experience.
Therefore,
nowadays, people are working hard and never mind to work longer time, I still
believe the negative impact is more effect to the modern family and society,
how to make work life balance, should be our crucial task since we are living
in this century
Nowadays,
people spend too much time at work to the extent that they hardly have time for
their personal life. Discuss.
Today
we are living in 21st century and are highly civilized people. Technology has
reshape our lives with enormous features which are being utilized for official
work and personal everyday tasks. Goals and objects are become highly important
in one’s life.
Everyone
wants ameliorate professional life and achieve flourish success among the
people in the society. To make a prominent place in the professional life,
people work hard and give more time in result to compromise personal family
life. We are covered with different professions in the society such as
scientist, engineers, doctors and others professionals who spent more time
during their work to become more popular and get fame among others and increase
the productivity. Few eminent organization are conducting workshops and
seminars to improve their employees personal life better and help them for
their self-management. Some companies also offer gym and sports centre
membership so the employees so they can spent time to make more effective their
personal life.
Although
the technology has made our life more productive but has compromised our
personal lives. In same room, we use social media and do not discuss and share
thoughts with the siblings and parents. Husband and wife both work and their
children do not get much time to mix up with them. This feeling sometime lead
to some psychological disorders in children.
In
conclusion, human has made the technology but the technology is controlling
human life. People have not much time to give their personal life. Human are
trying to cope with the technology and professional life to allow them some
spare time to sit, discuss and talk with the family member to get more close to
each others.
13. It is usually
foolish to get married before completing your studies and getting established
in a good job? Do you agree or disagree".
There
are numerous disadvantages to getting married while still a student. “[Getting
married in college] can create a greater problem when you are dependent on
parents to support you. There is the probability of more tension on the part of
both sets of parents.” Expecting your parents to continue paying your tuition
as though you were still a child once you have chosen to take on the very adult
responsibility of marriage can also create tension.
Another
reason to wait is the time constraint on enrolled newlyweds. Balancing time at
home, adjusting to a new life and spending time on academics is a daunting
task, regardless of how organized you are. Married college students are often
left with not enough time to do housework, study or have couple time. Little
time is left for each other so there’s less time to work on personal growth and
the marriage.
The
college marriage often results in restriction of college experiences,
participation in college functions and of relationships of college friends.
Not
only that, but she also finds that marriage affects academics. “There is often
a drop in grades due to added responsibilities or having to take on a full time
job. The distractions that marriage brings are endless and normal, but if your
current schedule and goals make marriage too much to handle on top of your
college life, then the smartest decision may be taking care of your college
career before saying your vows.
Sometimes
the engaged couple isn’t actually ready to decide what they want out of life
(or marriage) yet. College is a time of growth and maturing. Getting married
too soon can cut growth and maturation short. “Most students need some time to
be self-supporting, living on your own and making decisions as you mature. An
early marriage can prevent students from ever getting that time to mature.
Today
we are living in a competitive world and striving to make an excellent career
to become prominent part of our society. Once the career is stable then to live
a happy married life would be easier because most of the necessities would be
covered which require money. A group of people also believe that to marry
during the studies would be beneficial to support studies and establish a
healthy career.
The
technology has made our life is very busy and highly competitive. People are
more working hard to achieve to their goals and objectives than ever before.
During the studies students are highly focused about their academic and the
coming future professional life. Career is pivotal to people and therefore they
world hard day and night, as hard work pay off. Once the career is bright then
they would be able to have a happy and successful married life. If people get
marry during the studies then it would be difficult to concentrate career.
After getting married, the responsibilities are awaiting to accept. Wife’s and
then kids require love and care, it would be highly unfair if a person is not
giving time and attention to wife and kids and looking forward for his career
development.
Another
people of thoughts believe that it is better to get marry before someone’s
start professional life. A good life partner will be supportive and helping
hands during studies. A partner would help to meet responsibilities other than
studies, then the studies would be more focused and in result a prominent
success leading towards a bright career. If a person get marry early then he
would be able to see his kids growing and start their professional life before
his retirement.
In
conclusion, to get marry after studies would make a person eminent among others
to attract a desirable life partner and meet all the necessities of life would
lead to a successful married life. Marrying during the studies would provide
the edge to support kids and ensure their bright career and future during
someone’s own sustainable professional career.
Marriage
is actually a big commitment for the whole of an individual's life and hence
should be properly planned before making that big decision.
With
the wedding comes along the responsibilities of taking care of your spouse, the
money required to run a health life, supporting the children and so on. Hence
one should definitely ask the question himself/herself about this before
getting hitched.
I
would strongly recommend completing the studies and secure a safe job so they
don't have to worry about the plan for the next day or month. Getting married
while one is still at college would bring an additional burden of making the
money along with his studies.
Being
busy all the time by shuttling between college and work, will not provide
quality time between the married couples too.
This might create an emotional tension between the couples too and might
put the entire marriage at stake.Practically, leading a family life without
enough monetary support is next to impossible.
Having
a clear plan of what will be happening in the next few years of marriage while
one is still at college should be answered before making a final call. Though
few would have support from the family, not all will enjoy the same. Hence it
is always better to get married after a well settled job rather than to regret
later.
14. Some people believe
law changes human behaviour. Do you agree/disagree?
15. Talk about pros/cons
of this era as it is full of daily inventions
16. Imitating
celebrities in sports and movies good or bad?
17. Any recent invention
that you think proved beneficial or detrimental to society
18. In the past 100
years, there have been many inventions such as antibiotics, airplanes and
computers. What do you think is the most important of them? Why? The Greatest
invention in the last 100 years, medicine, science or technology?
Science
and Technology has advanced many fold in the last 100 years. It has progressed
human lives in all spheres. Among all the inventions, the most revolutionary
one is the advent of computers. In fact, Computer have become indispensible for
communication, education, banking, travelling, health care, aviation industry,
and any other industry one can think of.
Today,
a student cannot think of carrying on the studies without access to computers.
“Internet” - has made the world a much smaller place to live in by providing
information on any possible thing, just at a click of a button. Students use it
for their projects and enhance their knowledge in the subject.
Communication
with the help of World Wide Web has become a part and parcel of daily life.
Now, family and friends can have video chat between any parts of the planet.
This has opened a wide frontier for people to travel, work and live even
thousands of miles apart, by maintaining a close contact with their dispersed
dear ones. Perhaps, computers have become an essential tool for further
innovation, across all industries. The effective antibiotics could not have
been invented at this pace had computers not assisted the scientists.
Similarly, aviation industry would not have flourished with its
application. In spite of its darker
side, computers are expected to do wonder even further, in the coming days to
mankind.
In
summary, there are many inventions in the last 100 years that have changed the
world and have made it a better place but among them the computer technology is
the best as it has changes the way we live our lives, how we communicate each
other and made our life easier and more convenient.
It
is evident that science and modern inventions have revolutionized the world and
is a blessing to mankind. With the advent of
computers, antibiotics and airplane, humans have progressed in all
spheres of life. In my opinion,
computers seem to be the greatest inventions of all times. This could be
clearly seen by looking at its multitasking capabilities, ability to store
information and utility in almost all fields.
First of all, computers can do
numerous mathematical calculations with incredible speed and pin point
accuracy. For example, a person can simultaneously execute more than one task,
thereby increasing the productivity and reducing the human errors. This makes it
clear how the human involvement is minimized by just supplying data to the
computer for evaluations and getting results in fraction of seconds. Thus, I
can say that computer is one of the most outstanding innovations of the last
century.
Secondly, computers can store large
amounts of information and a user can retrieve it later for further processing.
For instance, trend analysis and forecasting in a company are done by referring
to historical data. These examples illustrate the usefulness of computers for
measuring the success of a company. It
is obvious from this that the computers
have contributed significantly to the world’s economy.
Finally, there are many uses of
computer in different fields of work. Engineers, architects, jewels, and
film-makers all use computers to design things. Teachers, writers, and most
office workers use computers for research, word processing and emailing. Small
businesses can use computers as a point of sale and for general record keeping.
In conclusion, we can say that computers are
the top innovations of all times considering high speed processing at a time,
high storage facility and presence in almost every field. It is hoped that new
software’s and hardware’s will keep on making the computer better as life
without computer seems to be like a rose without petal.
the
past 100years many devices have been invented that affected our life, for
example, cell phone, jet motor and so on. But I think one of the most important
invention that had great effect on human life is computer. In the present era,
you can see computer everywhere. The embedded computers find in many devices
from Mp3player to fighter aircraft, from toy to industrial robot.
At
the beginning, computers were very big and occupied a room. They were used for
special purposes and did not work very fast. During the time computers evolved
and got faster and smaller and then personal computer(PC)was invented that
established a vast revolution in human life. With the coming of computers to
our home, we can perform some tasks that were far-fetched before. We can buy
and sell things, chat with a friend, and travel to other country. Imagine you
want to travel abroad, you can select your hotel;evaluate its facilities even
see inside of hotel rooms and booking it just by one click.
In
the recent years, we see a fast development in PC. Laptop and tablet are some
kind of new PC that is portable and wireless. Scientists predict that in the
nearest future it will be possible to smell a new perfume and watch 3D scene at
home like we do in the theater.
In
conclusion, computer is an integral part of human life that you can not
imagine. We will see the progress of computer in the future and the dependence
of mankind to it more and more.
19. Information
revolution has changed the way of mass communications and had some negative and
positive effects on individual lives as well as on society. To what extent do
you agree or disagree?
Information
revolution has changed the way of mass communications and had some negative and
positive effects on individual lives as well as on society. To what extent do
you agree or disagree?
We
are living in the age of 21 century and technology is shaping our lives. The
human has made rapid development and progress in achieving the goals and
objectives towards information dissemination. In the last decade, the mass
communication flourished tremendously in the society as people are eager to get
recent and actual information.
The
mass communication has been accelerated in the last few years. It has made
easier access to the information form different regions of the world essential
part before. The computer Internet technology boosts the speed of mass
communication. Earlier the newspapers were the only source of mass
communication media, but now the mass communication is equipped with the latest
technology and innovations of computer Internet. The mass communication media
is playing a pivotal role in the society. The politicians are using mass
communication media for their election campaigns and make the people in their
favor to caste vote. Products advertisements are being done for business
promotions to attract consumers toward their product. The indispensable role of
mass media in our society become highly effect to help and organize the needful
people towards the charity promotions to help someone for medical treatment and
support for the basic necessities of life.
In
contract, media is also responsible to introduce deprave and nefarious elements
in the society. The mass media in a shape of business promotes celebrities with
their various lifestyle, such as they are addicted to drinking and smoking. The
adolescents adopt the famous celebrities lifestyle without having the actual
knowledge which is hidden and can cause severe harm to their health. The
extreme sports like bungee jumping is usually promote by the media as a form of
adventure which can be adopted by the people and put someone’s life in danger.
In
conclusion, the mass media has highly influenced our live and is affecting that
a person can change opinion towards the thing around. It is giving benefits to
people it is taken in correct direction, but if the mass media is controlled
and use for someone’s interest than it is highly deterioration for the society.
The
mass media have a powerful influence in shaping our lives. We have come to
depend on them for information and entertainment, and in doing so we let them
affect important aspects of our lives.
The
undeniable usefulness of the media in almost instantly providing information
about events around the world is largely taken for granted. But in our
dependence on the media we have allowed them to mould our notions and opinions
of events, places and people. Though few of us probably think about it, our
conceptions of, say, our elected officials spring from television images and
newspaper stories. Most of us will never meet prime ministers or presidents,
but anyone who is regularly exposed to the media will have an opinion of them.
When it is time to cast our vote, we will make our decision based on how the
media portray the candidates. We are similarly swayed by coverage of wars. The
media, representing the values of their owners, societies and governments, tend
to report wars with a bias; which is the 'good' side and which the 'bad' is
determined for us by reporters, editors and commentators, and sure enough the
public begins to form opinions that reflect the coverage they see, hear and
read in the major media.
The
media are also influential in the way they facilitate the spread of culture and
lifestyle. The so-called 'global youth culture', in which one finds young
people around the world displaying a common interest in music, clothing styles
and films, is an example of the media's enormous sway in this regard. A popular
figure such as Michael Jackson would never be so well known were it not for the
media's extensive reach into every society on the globe.
Thus
I would argue that the mass media's influence is certainly great. Indeed, with
technological advancements such as the Internet bringing even more forms of
electronic media to our homes and workplaces, it is likely the media's
influence will grow even stronger.
In
this day and age, mass media have become epidemic all around the world. So
that, people in different ages follow and use them, such as television,
newspaper and the internet which have became more popular among individuals. On
the contemporary worlds, whether the influence of mass media in shaping
people's life is controversial issue. One group of people believes that media
have no effects on people's lifestyle, while others are advocate of powerful
influence of mass media in our lives. I personally agree with the latter group,
because of two main reasons which are elucidated below.
First
group claims that mass media cannot have an effect on our decisions and
believes; since, it has been taken for granted. Of course they are right to
some extent, but I think they considered this issue superficially.
First
of all, mass media have a profound impact on cultures. It causes to eliminate
the boundaries of cultures among people and creates globalization. The
globalization is a good instance to depict the affection of mass media, because
individuals can see what happen in other countries or how they dressed and what
their culture is. As a result, they usually imitate what others do.
Secondly,
mass media are a source of information. It informed people about daily events
or new discoveries. This information sometimes is used to change people's
opinion. For example, in election of president, the fan of candidates advertise
in media like, television or the internet for them, and absorb attention to
elect any person that they want.
In
conclusion, as I mentioned above, the influence of mass media is undeniable,
and it can change our beliefs and our ideas.
20. Learning a new
language at an early age is helpful for children. Is it more positive for their
future aspect or have some adverse effects. Agree or disagree?
At
present a matter of considerable controversy is the issue of whether including
foreign language lessons at elementary school has a positive effect on learning
or should children start studying that at secondary school. Strong arguments
exist in support of both sides of this debate, which implies that these must be
examined before reaching to any conclusion.
One
of the most substantial arguments in its favour is that young children`s minds
are more accessible to new material in comparison with an older age group, such
as adolescents. This is generally because the information that is consumed by
children takes place on subconscious level based on instincts.
Another
positive aspect of an early introduction is that the greater flexibilty of the
primary school timetable allows for more frequent and shorter lessons in order
to avoid overstraining young pupils.In addition to that, a playful approach can
be applied. Thus, maintaining learner`s enthusiam and progress. Therefore, it
is clear why some people gravitate towards this idea.
However,
there is another side of the question. Opponents of the primary approach, point
out that, if primary language teaching is not standardised, secondary schools
could be faced with an inequality of language levels. Hence, it could give
birth to some difficulties. Consequently, after analysing this drawback it is
obvious why many supports this claim.
In
conclusion, taking into account everything mentioned above, I am inclined to
believe that although the early introduction of foreign language has some
downsides, it is more beneficial than harmful, primarly because it has more
positive aspects that far outweigh the disadvantages. Ergo, the best course of
action would be to support language learning in the elementary schools for
prosperity of present and future generations.
In
today's modern world, language plays an indispensable role in both studies and
jobs as well as during socializing. Thus, some professionals encourage the
children nowadays to start learning a foreign language at primary school and
claim that it will be too late for children to learn it in secondary school. In
this essay, we will examine both the benefits and drawbacks of this issue.
Undoubtedly,
learning a totally new language is tiring and requires more time to master it.
It, indirectly, increases the burden of a primary school pupil who is supposed
to learn new things in a stress-free environment. If they have to learn a new
language in primary school, they will be loaded with more tons of homework
every day. In fact, more time should be allocated to study more useful subjects
such as Science and Mathematics. These subjects are considered as stepping
stones to a prospective job. If one day they become a scientist or a doctor,
they may contribute endlessly to our nation by inventing more essential drugs
in combating diseases.
However,
there is other side of a coin always. To begin with, picking up a foreign
language enables the children to develop a better foundation in foreign
language. They are more likely to speak it more confidently in front of the
crowds. It is proven that children who learn a new language tend to make less
mistakes in writing an essay. Not forgetting to mention that, they will have
the ability to express things more clearly as they have wider range of
vocabulary than those who start late. In addition, they may come across with
foreign cultures when learning a foreign language. To illustrate, it can be
learnt from literatures and poems. By knowing the culture of others, they may
not experience cultural shock and are able to adapt well when staying in other
countries for the purpose like studying. They are, obviously, become more
knowledgeable and more open-minded which help them to look at a specific issue
from different perspectives.
In
conclusion, the benefits of learning a foreign language in primary education is
apparently outweigh the drawbacks. I believe a person equipped with more
languages is definitely needed in our society to make our country more
prosperous and flourished in the decade to come.
Scholars
have recently debated an issue of whether or not a foreign language should be
taught in elementary school instead of higher level. There are, certainly, some
consequences of teaching foreign language in primary school, both positive and
negative results. These points of views will be elaborated through the
following paragraphs.
To
begin with, scholars believe that understanding a foreign language in
elementary school may contribute a more incredible communication skill of pupil
in the future regarding to their ability to catch up insight is incredibly
fascinating during this period. This phenomenon is related to a fact that
elementary school period is considered as “golden period” of pupils since their
brain cells grow remarkably connecting one cell another in the whole brain
hemisphere. Indonesian pupils, who learn English while they are in primary
school for example, can speak English more fluently than those who do not get
same treatment in the same level.
Despite
of the gain, there can be a lack stumbling learning international language in
elementary schools. Teachers’ ability is the real example. Most of the teachers
in primary school are generalist and get used to deal with more general
subjects in school. By asking them to teach foreign language, English for
example, may be a difficulty in conveying knowledge over that such specific
subject to students. And therefore, when
entering higher level school, there will be wide variety of students
understanding in English and will lead to a problem of adjusting what
particular topics should be given to students in the higher level.
All
in all, understanding foreign speaking in primary school can be achieved
through maximizing golden period of students. However, capability of teachers
also must be considered in order to ensure the subject distributed well to
students.
21. What are the
greatest inventions of the 20th century among medicine, aeroplane and
computers, why?
22. In under developed
countries, tourism has disadvantages and can be said the opposite as well.
In recent decades, low cost airfare has made
international travel easier and many countries have, therefore, developed their
tourism industries into key sectors of their economies. While it is clear
tourism brings obvious benefits to the countries that host tourists, it is also
true to say it may bring disadvantages as well.
Undoubtedly, there are significant benefits
that tourism brings to a country. First, a thriving tourist industry implies an
increasing need for a variety of services such as hotels, transport,
restaurants, and entertainment. This results in a considerable number of jobs
being created for people who lack a college education and also the development of
the infrastructure needed to accommodate visitors. Moreover, tourism is a
"green" industry that, unlike factories, generates a low level of
pollution. In fact, because beautiful natural landscapes are often places that
tourists come to see, a country will often be sure to maintain the landscape in
order to keep it attractive for tourists.
Despite the benefits, there are aspects of
tourism that may prove harmful to a country. For instance, a country may suffer
from the loss of their traditional culture. This is caused by people in a
country changing their lifestyle, customs, and language in order to more
effectively serve visitors or because they become influenced by foreign
countries. This can cause stress in a traditional society and could even lead to
animosity towards tourists. In addition, because tourists often carry expensive
objects like cameras and are unaware of their surroundings, they make good
targets for theft. Crime also increases as a result of the increases in drugs
and prostitution that caters to some vacationers.
In
summary, global tourism is greatly beneficial to an economy and environment of
a country. However, it can be detrimental in several ways. To my way of
thinking, a country should seek to develop its tourism industry because it can
bring steady jobs to many people without their need for higher education and
without the risk of environmental damages.
The
growth of tourism and the numbers of people traveling to other countries for
their vacations has led to debate as to whether this is beneficial. I believe
that there are many problems which arise out of the tourist industry, and will
examine these in detail.
Many
people argue that travel broadens the mind. However, this statement does not
fully hold water. I would argue that spending a few weeks in another country is
not long enough to gain a proper understanding of an alien culture. A foreigner
visiting Britain might be met with the traditional British reserve, and
mistakenly conclude that the British are unfriendly. Furthermore, some people
are unwilling to open their minds. A Western traveler to an Arab country is
unlikely to consider that the veiling of women is acceptable.
Being
a tourist in a foreign country brings with it problems that can lead to dislike
of the native people. Firstly, a foreigner is vulnerable, and is often ripped
off by locals. Secondly, the language barrier can lead to misunderstandings.
Thirdly, tourists are often hassled to buy goods, which can ruin a holiday.
When I went to Bali, people tried to sell me something every five minutes, and
this totally spoils my sunbathing.
Local
people also often end up disliking foreigners. Visitors may mistakenly act
contrary to local norms, or they may just be plain offensive, as many drunken
British holidaymakers must seem to the Spanish. Global tourism can lead to
hostility from the native people, who may feel their traditional way of life is
under threat. Additionally, the relative wealth of the foreign visitors can
cause envy and resentment.
In
conclusion, I would say that I largely agree with the argument that global
tourism creates misunderstanding between people from different cultures, and
that the differences are often a cause for conflict rather than celebration.
In
recent times, the role of tourism industry in the world economy cannot be
neglected. Tourism industry has emerged as one of the biggest industry in the
world, providing jobs to millions. Often it is said, that world is becoming
smaller, and I believe it is because of this frequent international travel. I
do not agree that international tourism creates tension; in fact it brings
different culture together.
When
person travels from one country to another, they learn about each other’s
culture, cuisine and habits. People become more tolerant towards each other’s
differences. International tourism helps people in experiencing the natural
beauty which could not be found in their country. I believe, due to increased
international travel, people have subdued. For instance, countries like
Maldives, Thailand, India (Goa) etc. thrives on tourism and we can clearly
notice the difference between the people’s attitude towards each other in these
places as compared to others. People are friendlier, understanding and
accommodating. They are ready to change
themselves easily to cater to new demands of tourist. Another good example
would be Dubai, which is part of UAE but is very different than any other
emirates. It is because of international tourism that Dubai is more tolerant
and modern and developed.
The
biggest pros of international tourism are, we can learn a lot from different
countries. For instance, if you go to Singapore, you cannot help but notice how
effective their public transport systems are; and how stringently all the rules
are followed. Similarly, many tourists come to India to seek spiritual guidance
and to learn yoga, which they might not get in their country.
In
a nutshell, I think, international travel alleviates tension between the two
nations rather than creating. In today’s economy, when every country is
interdependent for trade and business, international travel helps people from
different countries to understand each other and exist in harmony.
23. Communication has
changed significantly in the last 10 years. Discuss pros and cons impacts.
Technological
developments in this modern era have transformed the way we socialize.
Advancements in communication networks have played a vital role in bringing
people closer. In my opinion there are both pros and cons of this development
and this essay will analyze how technology has changed the types of
relationships made by people.
In
ancient times, people used letters and telegrams to interact with each other.
With the advent of modern communication systems like telephone and Internet,
people can collaborate more effectively. For instance, we can interact through
emails rather than letter and businessman can have online meetings through
conference call.
Another reason is the widespread usage of
social networks over internet; for instance, Facebook, where men and women can
now make friends online and interact with them through post, messages and
online chat. Videoconferencing in the form of Skype has improved instructor and
student relationship. Online messaging platforms like mIRC has given people the
luxury to choose their own discussion based chat rooms. There are more ways to
socialize now than they used to be in past.
All these advancement in technology comes up
with their merits and demerits. Letters, memos and telegrams are replaced by
emails and text messages. Human resource hiring can be done through online
video conferencing which has eliminated the need for physical presence and
travelling requirement. We can now mingle more through Facebook, Pinterest,
Google+, Instagram and Orkut and so on. Though one can regard these as positive
developments, they do have some negative aspects. These developments have
isolated people and discouraged real world interaction. For instance, youth in
particular prefers to choose to mix up with people online rather than
socializing with them in the real world.
To conclude, technology has no doubt
revolutionized the way we interact and hangout, but has greatly reduced real
world interaction. Though these virtual relations tend to be positive but we
should not deny the importance of physical interaction in our lives.
Everything
has two sides, and the ‘effects of technology on people’s relationship’ is not
an exception. We cannot deny how much technology transformed the individual
reaction with others in his family and surrounding community.
In
my opinion, technology has affected and transformed our life aspects and
dealing with other people in a good way. Recently, we have many faster and cheaper
methods to call our family and friends. Moreover, some technologies are giving
us chances to see and talk with them in the same time. In addition, we are
informed in daily basis with the last updates and news about our friends and
family, so we can remember the birth days, graduation parties and even marriage
anniversary. Furthermore, these methods make it faster and easier to call and
congratulate other individual.
On
the other hand, many people believe that, technological aspects are affecting
individual relationship badly. They opine that, if we did not have these kinds
of technology, we would have been visiting each other regularly.
Not
only that, but individuals will not be isolated from each other, especially
those who are addicted to using social networking platforms. As a matter of fact, people become talking to
each other in face-to-face method rarely. In particular, people’s personalities
are changing so much, because of addiction in using Facebook. It’s one of the
vital reasons to decrease confidence and self esteem.
As
can been seen, even if we have some bad effects of technology and how it
changed the way people contact each others, but we still have much more
effects. We can obtain many easy and cheaper methods to contact each other. In
fact, technology has enhanced our life and the way we are contacting each
others.
24. The only thing that
interferes with my learning is my education- Einstein. What does he mean by that?
And do you think he is correct?
Education
is the acquiring of knowledge, skills, habits, values and beliefs from our
teachers and seniors. In our traditional or conventional education system the
content of the education is limited to already established customs and
practices. We only learn the knowledge, which has been discovered or invented
earlier. The format of the education limits the learning of the students to
only cramming and the exams are also a test of more or less the “retention
power”. In this essay we shall be discussing both the arguments.
Firstly,
when Einstein gave this statement he experienced that students learn through a
formally designed education pattern restricting their thought process. In fact,
formal education limits the doors of imagination and creativity. There is
little chance for exploring things, because the best way to learn something is
to experience it. Thus, students are not encouraged to think out of the box and
search for solution themselves. They all are expected to provide the same
answer which is in books. This example shows why Einstein believed that formal
education hinders the process of learning.
However
on the contrary, if we started allowing kids to say, they do not need school
they would probably learn nothing, as most of the average student does not have
the motivation or interest to master something on their own. Einstein was
exceptional. As we cannot expect that all students would be as capable as
Einstein, so it is really necessary to impart the basic education, knowledge
& skills to children, like reading and writing in order to survive in this
world. They usually need school to learn and understand the existing principles
and practices and can improve upon it according to their interests and capabilities.
Lastly,
the education systems have undergone a lot of changes, recently, in order to
enhance the cognitive abilities of the students. For example in Stanford
University, usually a mentor is assigned to few students, who would not
interfere in the learning process of the students. This helps the students to
develop creative skills and think out of the box. The mentors are only there to
be their guide and help them if they are approached and they share their
experiences with the students. This way the students would be completing their
studies in their own way and style.
In
the end we can conclude that the present education system has evolved from its
traditional approach to be more student friendly which encourages them to bring
out the best of the talents and abilities to the world.
Einstein
was a genius, which back in the old days many never really understood what a
genius really was! So for him to say, the only thing that interferes with my
learning is my education! He was actually saying, he was a lot smarter then any
education that could be taught to him back in them days!
So
he had to more or less, self-educate on his own to be able to be smarter then
he already was! Many people saw him as off the wall, sort of speak! Because of
the fact he was a lot more smarter than anyone really knew! So instead of him
being looked up to because of being so smart, he was more like an outcast to
most! Mostly because of his odd behavior, and weirdness and very much
misunderstood! He plainly just didn't fit in!
I
guess you could say, very few people tried to get to know him at his level and
partly no one could possibly even think at his level! So he to many was just a
strange person! But the fact was he was a genius and he was misunderstood back
in them days! Geniuses today are honored and almost worshiped and there is
today, way higher education levels in place now for people that are geniuses!
Could
you imagine if education would have been so high level to teach Einstein to the
levels he was running for! He would have really accomplished way more then what
he did!
And
may have changed the world for a lot better then what it is today! Maybe that's
why education is such a high priority in today’s world, so that everyone has a
chance to be the next great Einstein, or even greater! If education hadn't
changed from the old days, man would have never made it to the moon!
Education
has to always change for the better, may be at times not fast enough, but if it
didn't life will never get better! If education was still the same as back in
Einstein days, Medical wouldn't be where it is today and millions would have
all died every year! Medical is the biggest resource for longer life and more
quality of life! Without it, people would be dyeing at younger ages and from
many diseases that wouldn't be curable without all the medical education we all
have today!
Einstein
would have actually fit in better in today’s world then he did back in the old
days, you could say he was born in the wrong Century, so it would be like
taking a well-educated person today and put them back into Einstein days of
life! The person would feel completely out of place and most likely wouldn't be
able to even cope in that kind of life!
So
what Einstein was saying is, he was being taught 6 th grade education when he
was actually like the highest college degree grad in are time of life! And he
wanted higher education then the highest college education! But back in his
days 6 th grade education is all they had as highest education to offer!
25. The illiterate of
the 21st century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those who
cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn. Do you Agree or Disagree?
Our
understanding of the world is changing rapidly. Toffler himself pointed this
out. In ancient times, people often believed the same things their ancestors
believed. Knowledge, once acquired, was slow to change.
But
even as of the 1970s, our knowledge of biology and physics (to name only two
endeavours) had changed dramatically since less than a century. At the
beginning of the twentieth century, learned men thought that everything that
could be discovered, had been discovered. And since the year 1900, radiation
has been discovered. So has DNA.
That
says nothing about Relativity or Quantum Mechanics. Each of these theories
challenges our common-sense world views. To have both of them in the same
century is amazing.
And
then, the computer stopped being a fiction. First, it was an oversized
calculator. Then, computers were mysterious to most of us. Today, they are
ubiquitous. If not, I wouldn't be writing this answer and you wouldn't be
reading it.
The
20th Century: how much has changed. And to think, that is only a partial list.
The
implication is that the 21st Century is likely to change our minds. If the past
is any indication, more will change, and more rapidly, than has changed in the
past.
That
is the essence of science: the willingness to abandon theory X if theory Y is
of better quality. To accept the knowledge (as example) that Pluto is a dwarf planet,
one of many, represents both "un-learn[ing] and re-learn[ing]." It is
but one example.
Unless
scientific progress slows down, an unlikely scenario, we will have to all do
that, not just regarding Pluto but in many more areas. We will all have to do
more than just learn our lessons, graduate from school, and go on with our
lives unchanged.
We
will all have to add un-learning and re-learning to our intellectual agendas.
Otherwise, we risk losing touch with reality.
We
know Alvin Toffler as a sociologist, writer and a futurist, not as a learning
expert. It is said that this quote is from his book, “Rethinking the Future.”
As I haven’t read it, I really don’t know the context of this quotation. But I
think his definition of the illiterate makes us ponder. It also reminds us of a
quotation by Charles Darwin, “It is not the strongest of the species that
survives, nor the most intelligent, but the one most responsive to change.”
The
Merriam-Webster dictionary defines unlearn as “1: to put out of one’s knowledge
or memory, 2: to undo the effect of: discard the habit of”.
There
is so much we unlearn without much effort. Knowledge not often revised, skills
not regularly practiced and beliefs shattered by contradictory experience are
all day-to-day examples of unlearning.
But
what about a situation where person’s knowledge, skills and beliefs serve him
well and is therefore reinforced? How can he unlearn them in the face of a
superior learning, which will serve him better?
In
a company where I worked, head office staff used to call long distance to
collect current sales figures from branch offices spread across the country.
Email was introduced to increase efficiency and reduce cost. Although adequate
training was conducted on email, the phone bills never came down substantially.
The reason – people continued to use the phone to find out if the emails were
sent or received!
Another
more personal example of unlearning, a habit, is quitting smoking. I too quit
smoking some years ago. I remember trying everything under the sky – sticking
patches, chewing gum, counseling…nothing helped. One day, suddenly, without any
apparent reason my urge to light up just wasn’t there. I unlearned but I don’t
know how
We
learn as much as we unlearn. I am sure you will agree that one’s existing
knowledge is one great hindrance to future learning. That brings me to my
questions
Is
there a formal process for unlearning? Can we just plainly unlearn knowledge, skills
and attitudes? Or can we unlearn only when we discover a substitute behavior or
skill?
How
useful it would be for both organizations and individuals if they master
unlearning! Imagine organizations casting away ineffective and inefficient
processes and methods effortlessly so that they do not hinder learning better
ones.
Can
organizations conduct “unlearning programs”? If so, how can we facilitate
unlearning? Can we think of having an unlearning module before we start a
learning module so that we can clear the old hindering structures before we
build a brand new one?
Schools
and Colleges play a vital role in teaching us. These institutions often tend to
force their students to learn more and more, without mastering the
fundamentals. Students who love their subjects and enjoy their books are
becoming hard to find day by day. Industries view degree holders as an
abstracted and tuned resources for their need.
So,
“learning” has not been given the due respect by all the players: students,
educational institutions and industries.
What
about unlearning and relearning? Do they really make sense in our existing
system?
Unlearning
and relearning are tightly coupled and usually happens together.
Unlearning
and relearning do not mean that one should forget the things he had learnt and
learn it again at some point of time in his life. This is a very common
misinterpretation I find among the people who know this quote. I have even seen
people quoting “Tower of Hanoi” as an example where you have to decouple the
things you have built to arrive at the final solution. I call this as a
fictional example where they try to unlearn by demolishing something that is
there.
Unlearning
happens when you are open to new prospective to the things you already know.
Relearning happens when you accept a new perspective and appreciate your
knowledge from that perspective. Together they will help you to overcome your
misconception and misunderstanding that was there from the time you learnt
something new.
When
we learn something for the first time, we will be focusing to get a bigger and
abstracted view of it. We ignore small and important features. After learning
something, a small discussion with friends or teaching someone or trying to
summarize your learning will make you realize the minute details that you have
missed when you learnt it.
Unlearning
and relearning applies not only for education; but also to any form of
knowledge or skill that we acquire. Our knowledge and skill can to be improved
day by day.
Be
open to thoughts. Keep learning, unlearning and relearning.
26. "Value added by
travel in Education Is travel a necessary component of education or not? Will
scholar sitting at home have more knowledge than one who travels? "
It
is quite common these days for young people in many countries to have a break
from studying after graduating from high school. This trend is not restricted
to rich students who have the money to travel, but is also evident among poorer
students who choose to work and become economically independent for a period of
time.
The
reasons for this trend may involve the recognition that a young adult who
passes directly from school to university is rather restricted in terms of
general knowledge and experience of the world. By contrast, those who have
spent some time earning a living or traveling to other places have a broader
view of life and better personal resources to draw on.
They tend to be more
independent, which is a very important factor in academic study and research,
as well as giving them an advantage in terms of coping with the challenges of
student life.
However,
there are certainly dangers in taking time off at that important age. Young
adults may end up never returning to their studies or finding it difficult to
re-adapt to an academic environment. They may think that it is better to
continue in a particular job, or to do something completely different from a
university course. But overall, I think this is less likely today, when
academic qualifications are essential for getting a reasonable career.
My
view is that young people should be encouraged to broaden their horizons. That
is the best way for them to get a clear perspective of what they are hoping to
do with their lives and why. Students with such a perspective are usually the
most effective and motivated ones and taking a year off may be the best way to
gain this
Peoples
are divided on the issue that countries should encourage the young peoples to
do jobs or to travel before attending university. Some people think that it is
better for students to attend university, while others believe that traveling
and working before joining the University for formal Education is better for
the students to understand the world. In my opinion it is very important for
student to develop communication, attain maturity and develop professional
attitude and the later approach is better way of achieving it.
First
of all, this will prepare the students for higher education. In the school student are no fully matured.
Even some remain childish in thinking and behaviour. In the university a
student will meet with different types of peoples so there require a good
understanding and mental maturity stage for that. The university campus
provides special and deep knowledge of particular field which require hard
working and learning capability. Because university education and teachers
prepare the students to survive in real world on his own basis any place, some
prior travel and work experience would even accelerate it more.
Moreover,
it will make one to understand the professional life. This will provide
important experience to a student to mange theirs studies with work, because in
higher studies students have to finance their studies or to work in research
laboratories. Working at shop or small office will teach the students to understand
the working pressure, cooperation with coworkers and complete the task in
schedule. In my school days I worked in a drug selling shop from where I
learned how to convince and cool down the angry customer during selling. This
later on proved to be valuable experience in my university level.
Finally,
it gives the chance to improve communication skill. Communication skill is
important part not only at working area but also in learning center. With
excellent speaking and respecting attitude one can win the favour of opposing
persons. Traveling makes the person to share views and learn various cultures,
languages from other peoples. Exchanging opinion enriches one’s speaking
ability.
In
summation, it is clear that pre-university jobs and travelling are vital
experiences. These not only prepare one for civil life and toward maturity but
also make one to improve communication skill.
The
job of a supervisor requires a lot of preparation and the strong attitude at
caring about the quality of work. The most relevant qualities of a supervisor
will be analised in the following paragraphs, supported by specific details and
examples.
Firstly,
one of the most important characteristics of a supervisor is the perfect
comprehension of the nature and dynamics of the work he has to manage with.
Furthermore, the supervisor is a manager who leads the work of a group of
people, so he has to be comprehensive on errors and at the same time he has not
to lose the control over his subordinates, letting them do unrepairable
mistakes. That's a really challenging task that I'm experiencing this current
year like responsible of a group of research which represents the University of
Padova in a European competition called Solar Decathlon.
Another
fundamental quality that makes a good supervisor is the capacity of judging
equally all the subordinates' works, instead of being preferential towards the
ones which respect more his ideas. The quality also includes his/her focus to
the deadline and attaining excellence in the team. Supervising a group of
people with a strict rule is not always possible and more leadership quality in
this case is essential. Being able to keep balance in the team and observing
the progress while learning from the past mistakes three other qualities each
good supervisor should have.
In
conclusion a supervisor has to be perfectly acknowledged on the tasks he's
working with and he has to be a leader strict but right at the eyes of his subordinates.
Taking
one year gap between high school & university studies is become very
popular in some countries. Those who think that it is an opportunity for their
future plan to work in somewhere and travel extensively. Actually in the latest
training where I participated, I met with several people from Denmark and
Norway who were over 24 and are working in non-profit organizations. By
assembling all of the facts I will try to examine what are the advantages and
shortages of taking one year gap.
First
of all, of course after high school, working and travelling experience can be
valuable opportunity for personal development and career advancement. By
travelling, prospective students are able to acknowledge different culture,
values and tradition. Moreover, while travelling students can develop their
independency and confidence and thus these two main qualities can help them to
overcome crisis which can happen in their life. Working experience is very
crucial factor, and my experience shows that companies in some cases look for
experienced employees more than someone qualified or graduated from university
and have no prior experiences. Addition to it, experience in work place is kind
of practises and whatever gained from practises may match with syllabus of some
subject which will they have, thus in this case students’ knowledge on those
subjects will be advanced.
Taking
a gap year has several disadvantages. Talking about it, after working and
travelling students can be neglect to their university, in some case they may
not take any university studies at all. Even in case of getting a course at
university, the atmosphere of class such as attendance and discipline can seem
hard to students. So students feel hardship to adapt and overcome.
In
conclusion, I can easily say that taking a gap year has some advantages and
drawbacks, and it is hard to say one of two exceeds another one and one of
famous scholar said: before I spent time and now time is spending me so I
consider that it is a personal choice whether to take or not.
The development of society is going towards a
globalised world where education is an essential foundation for personal,
social and economic success. International studies are becoming a new trend for
young people as a way to expand their education beyond their traditional
education style. It is agreed that adding a foreign qualification has become an
integral part of higher studies. This argument is proven by looking at how it
widens people’s perspective and helps them with better career opportunities.
Studying abroad helps people increase their
awareness about different cultures of the world. This will contribute in
creating individuals with a broader understanding of issues concerning today’s
society rather than limiting them in a scope of home education system. For
example, universities have a large community of students both from the local
area and all around the globe. The diverse academic community enhances the
quality of learning by providing wider spectrum of opinions and expertise. This
example clearly shows that international education enhances outlook and
sharpens self-awareness. Therefore, we can say that traveling is an important
element of education.
Moreover, acquiring a globally recognized
qualification or degree opens the doors for international job market. The
students gain more knowledge and expertise when abroad and apply them to
situations requiring international interactions. Also, employers look for the
graduates with international experience either by studying or working abroad.
Thus, we can say that international studies add value to a student’s education.
In summary, it can be said that travelling to
foreign countries for higher studies is a key to succeed in this globalized
planet.
27. "Marketing strategy
for big companies should be placed on offer and discounts, and in what ways
this can impact on their reputation
Various
marketing strategies have to be utilized in order to increase the profits of a
business. These marketing strategies depend largely on the customer base and
the goods and services sold. Many businesses consider offering discounts a good
way to increase sales. However, this can be a two-edged sword. Offering
discounts to customers, in a business, can either be a good thing or a bad thing.
This essay is about the pros and cons of offering discounts in a business.
A
business usually decides to offer discounts to customers for a particular
reason. This can be due to a special season, old stock is sold at discounts due
to the arrival of new stocks or if a business is going out of business.
Whatever the reason, the business offers customers a reduction in price.
Discounts can be categorized as cash and trade discounts. Cash discounts are
the concessions provided by the seller to the buyer. This encourages the buyer
to purchase quickly and allows the seller to get the payment soon. Trade
discounts are a reduction the supplier gives to the business owner. This will
happen only if the quantity of the product is over a specific figure. The purpose
of trade discounts is to encourage the buyer to purchase in bulk.
Whoever
does the buying and selling, discounts do work to the advantage of both
parties. For example, discounts attract customers. Most people cannot resist a
sale. Therefore, advertising discounts on various products or all products will
definitely draw in the customers. A business will see more customers (old and
new) during this period than any other. The increase in traffic will
automatically increase sales, which is the bottom line for sales. If only
certain items are on sale, advertising this factor will also encourage buyers
to purchase other items which are not on sale too. Discounting items in a shop
will also leave more space for other items, such as, new stock. For example, if
a marketer has stored items that he/she does not plan to sell, discounting them
and selling them, will free up space in the storerooms which will enable
him/her to store more useful items.
Although
there are upsides to offering discounts in a business, there are also a few
downsides. For example, although there will be sales, the profit margin in the
store will decline as the goods are sold at reduced prices. Sometimes, these
prices may even be below market value. Individual discounts to customers may
encourage them to ask for discounts all the time, even if the marketer mentions
the earlier discount is a one off discount. If the marketer does not give the
customer the discount he/she may be discouraged and look at other areas to
conduct business. In addition, a shop that offers discounts always provides the
reputation that the business is not doing so well. Many customers may be put
off by this reputation and stop visiting the store.
It
is not an easy task deciding if offering discounts in a business is good choice
or a bad one. However, a business needs to consider these factors closely in
order to run it successfully and profitably.
##############################################################################
28. Travel to study is
over rated; we have brilliant scholars who studied locally. Is travel really
required for higher studies?
29. The space travel is
fantastic these day and they are very fascinate towards its but there are many
environmental problems in our planet we should resolve the problems or travel
space and spend a lot of money.
During
the past 50 years we frequently heard about the many amazing spinoffs from the
human spaceflight program – everything from personal computers to solar energy.
Now, we are also seeing direct tangible benefits from the research being
conducted on the International Space Station (ISS).
Curious
about better medicines, providing clean water, and growing enough food for the
increasing global population? Tweet This
Quote
The
ISS provides a unique environment for scientific discovery that simply cannot
be duplicated anywhere on Earth. Research on this orbiting laboratory is not
only enabling humans to explore the solar system, it is leading to countless
improvements for life on Earth. For example, space based science offers an
environment to foster new materials, better medicines, improved methods to
provide clean water, and better ways to grow enough food to feed our increasing
global population. Studying astronauts living and working in space also
enhances our understanding of the human body, resulting in innovative ways to
protect all humans from many different ailments. The list of benefits is
endless.
I
like to point out that the space program technology transfer is two-way. Many
NASA engineers give their expertise and spare time to apply space program
technology to problems facing the developing world. In doing so, they learn
valuable lessons that will allow us to push space exploration beyond low-earth
orbit. The highly efficient engineering approaches that are required in the
developing world – robust solutions that do not require a lot of maintenance,
resupply or training – are the same approaches we need to employ if we are
going to break out of the bounds of low-earth orbit.
Nowadays,
there are many countries spend a large mountain of money in the outer space
traveling . Recently, there are some people think governments should spend as
much money as possible exploring outer space, whoever, some people think
governmens should spend those money on our basic needs on earth. I strongly
agree with this opinion . because our planet need more attention to its
environment peblems, and many people still straving to death in many parts in
our world.
First
of all. Our planet need more researches to solve the environment problems. For
example, the air pollution increasing day after day on the earth which cause
the whole in the ozone layer. This pollution decays from the badly consumtion
of the human being. I think this problem deserve more care and attention from
the governments instead of spend money in outer space traveling they should
offer a constant badget to fund such these researches because the outcomes of
them will benefit all the human kind and helping to prevent problems in the
future.
Secondly,
governments should spend much money to support and help the people who starving
to death in many areas in our plants. Because. the progress in our life could
not stop or prevent the poverty and the hunger all over the world. For
instance, we can see and read in many media resources about the hunger in
different areas . the question now is; who could the governments help those
people . I think the answer is very simple. By spending more money in
supporting the hunger people with food, and helping them to find their food
resources. It interested to travel exploring outré space, but just in case we
can find a solution to our planets problems especially the hanger issue.
Because , it is not make any sense spending pillions of money in such these
tripe and try to find another places in the universe ,and the people in the
earth can find the enough food to live in.
Finally,
I think governments should spend a large mount og money in environment
researches and apply the results of them to make benefits to the human kind.
Also, the governments should spend more money in helping the hunger people in
different places in the world. In case we can find a solution to our planet's
problem we can think about discovering the outer places and arrange the
traveling to their.
Nowadays,
there are many countries spending huge money in space travel. The concept of
travelling through space has fascinated people for centuries. Despite numerous
setbacks and daunting expenditures, travelling in the outer space has never
failed to attract people's attention and provoke controversy. I strongly agree
that our planet needs more attention to its environmental problems and poverty
as many people still starving to death in many parts of our world.
Undoubtedly,
global warming is seriously a raising alarm for environmental problems.
Pollution, on the other hand, is causing draconian effects on people’s health.
Governments should realize how detrimental these issues are and take necessary
precautions before it is too late. It needs diligent planning, extensive force
and money to address these issues.
In
addition to this, poverty is also a major concern in many countries where
people still don’t have enough food and die of starvation. It’s daunting to see
that majority of the population are living in poverty and the debility of the
governments to address it due to insufficient funds.
In
conclusion, it’s undeniable that travelling space gives us valuable knowledge
and pleasure, but we have many issues to address first in-house. So, if we
utilize the money that we are currently allocating today for space travel and
research to address the above problems, then it is possible we can see a
pollution and poverty free world.
30. “In a war of ideas,
it is people who get killed”. Does a common man suffer from a group’s ideology?
Express your opinion, and support the same with reasons and examples.
Throughout history, the thinking of a group of
people is impacting the lives of thousands of civilians. Whether it is
considered on a political or social level, a set of decisions of a group
explains how a society should work. It
is completely agreed that in the conflict of interest between different
countries or different groups within same country, it is the innocent people
who sacrifice their lives. It can be seen from the incidents of World War II
and September 11 attacks in United States of America.
First of all, during World War II,
a group of countries namely US, UK and China united and attacked Japan with
explosive atomic bombs destroying the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, killing
more than one lakh civilians. This is a clear example of the decision laid by a
few countries against Japan to surrender to its Allies. Though, these countries
achieved victory in their mission but Japanese people are still suffering from
the radioactive radiation effect which resulted in blindness and mental
disorders. Thus, we can say that political ideologies of a group can
drastically harm society.
In addition, September 11 attacks on US by a
group of 19 militants, associated with Islamic extremist group, hijacked four
airplanes and killed around 3,000 people by colliding airplanes into symbolic
US landmark. This example clearly shows how the decision and planning of these
terrorist activists took lives of thousands of innocent people.
Looking at the above examples, we
can say that it is common man who is suffering from the social, economical and
political interests of a few people. It
is hoped that in future, the major decisions concerning every citizen or the
civilians of another country, would be taken considering its consequences.
Throughout
history, the thinking of a group of people is impacting the lives of thousands
of civilians. Whether it is considered on a political or social level, a set of
decisions of a group explains how a society should work. It is completely agreed that in the conflict
of interest between different countries or different groups within same
country, it is the innocent people who sacrifice their lives. It can be seen
from the incidents of World War II and September 11 attacks in United States of
America.
First of all, during World War II,
a group of countries namely US, UK and China united and attacked Japan with
explosive atomic bombs destroying the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, killing
more than one lakh civilians. This is a clear example of the decision laid by a
few countries against Japan to surrender to its Allies. Though, these countries
achieved victory in their mission but Japanese people are still suffering from
the radioactive radiation effect which resulted in blindness and mental
disorders. Thus, we can say that political ideologies of a group can
drastically harm society.
In addition, September 11 attacks
on US by a group of 19 militants, associated with Islamic extremist group,
hijacked four airplanes and killed around 3,000 people by colliding airplanes
into symbolic US landmark. This example clearly shows how the decision and
planning of these terrorist activists took lives of thousands of innocent
people.
Looking at the above examples, we
can say that it is common man who is suffering from the social, economical and
political interests of a few people. It
is hoped that in future, the major decisions concerning every citizen or the
civilians of another country, would be taken considering its consequences.
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